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ISACA CCOA Exam Syllabus Topics:

Topic
Details

Topic 1

Cybersecurity Principles and Risk: This section of the exam measures the skills of a Cybersecurity Specialist and covers core cybersecurity principles and risk management strategies. It includes assessing vulnerabilities, threat analysis, and understanding regulatory compliance frameworks. The section emphasizes evaluating risks and applying appropriate measures to mitigate potential threats to organizational assets.

Topic 2

Technology Essentials: This section of the exam measures skills of a Cybersecurity Specialist and covers the foundational technologies and principles that form the backbone of cybersecurity. It includes topics like hardware and software configurations, network protocols, cloud infrastructure, and essential tools. The focus is on understanding the technical landscape and how these elements interconnect to ensure secure operations.

Topic 3

Incident Detection and Response: This section of the exam measures the skills of a Cybersecurity Analyst and focuses on detecting security incidents and responding appropriately. It includes understanding security monitoring tools, analyzing logs, and identifying indicators of compromise. The section emphasizes how to react to security breaches quickly and efficiently to minimize damage and restore operations.

Topic 4

Adversarial Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures: This section of the exam measures the skills of a Cybersecurity Analyst and covers the tactics, techniques, and procedures used by adversaries to compromise systems. It includes identifying methods of attack, such as phishing, malware, and social engineering, and understanding how these techniques can be detected and thwarted.

Topic 5

Securing Assets: This section of the exam measures skills of a Cybersecurity Specialist and covers the methods and strategies used to secure organizational assets. It includes topics like endpoint security, data protection, encryption techniques, and securing network infrastructure. The goal is to ensure that sensitive information and resources are properly protected from external and internal threats.

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ISACA Certified Cybersecurity Operations Analyst Sample Questions (Q56-Q61):

NEW QUESTION # 56
Which of the following utilities is MOST suitable for administrative tasks and automation?

A. System service dispatcher (SSO)
B. Access control list (ACL)
C. Command line Interface (CLI)
D. Integrated development environment (IDE)

Answer: C

Explanation:
TheCommand Line Interface (CLI)ismost suitable for administrative tasks and automationbecause:
* Scriptable and Automatable:CLI commands can be combined in scripts for automating repetitive tasks.
* Direct System Access:Administrators can directly interact with the system to configure, manage, and troubleshoot.
* Efficient Resource Usage:Consumes fewer system resources compared to graphical interfaces.
* Customizability:Advanced users can chain commands and create complex workflows using shell scripting.
Other options analysis:
* B. Integrated Development Environment (IDE):Primarily used for software development, not system administration.
* C. System service dispatcher (SSO):Not relevant for administrative tasks.
* D. Access control list (ACL):Manages permissions, not administrative automation.
CCOA Official Review Manual, 1st Edition References:
* Chapter 9: System Administration Best Practices:Highlights the role of CLI in administrative and automation tasks.
* Chapter 7: Automation in Security Operations:Explains the efficiency of CLI-based automation.

NEW QUESTION # 57
The PRIMARY function of open source intelligence (OSINT) is:

A. Initiating active probes for open ports with the aim of retrieving service version information.
B. encoding stolen data prior to exfiltration to subvert data loss prevention (DIP) controls.
C. leveraging publicly available sources to gather Information on an enterprise or on individuals.
D. delivering remote access malware packaged as an executable file via social engineering tactics.

Answer: C

Explanation:
The primary function of Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) is to collect and analyze information from publicly available sources. This data can include:
* Social Media Profiles:Gaining insights into employees or organizational activities.
* Public Websites:Extracting data from corporate pages, forums, or blogs.
* Government and Legal Databases:Collecting information from public records and legal filings.
* Search Engine Results:Finding indexed data, reports, or leaked documents.
* Technical Footprinting:Gathering information from publicly exposed systems or DNS records.
OSINT is crucial in both defensive and offensive security strategies, providing insights into potential attack vectors or organizational vulnerabilities.
Incorrect Options:
* A. Encoding stolen data prior to exfiltration:This relates to data exfiltration techniques, not OSINT.
* B. Initiating active probes for open ports:This is part of network scanning, not passive intelligence gathering.
* C. Delivering remote access malware via social engineering:This is an attack vector rather than intelligence gathering.
Exact Extract from CCOA Official Review Manual, 1st Edition:
Refer to Chapter 2, Section "Threat Intelligence and OSINT", Subsection "Roles and Applications of OSINT"
- OSINT involves leveraging publicly available sources to gather information on potential targets, be it individuals or organizations.

NEW QUESTION # 58
After an organization's financial system was moved to a cloud-hosted solution that allows single sign-on (SSO) for authentication purposes, data was compromised by an individual logged onto the local network using a compromised username and password. What authentication control would have MOST effectively prevented this situation?

A. Token-based
B. Challenge handshake
C. Multi-factor
D. Single-factor

Answer: C

Explanation:
Multi-factor authentication (MFA)would have been the most effective control to prevent data compromise in this scenario:
* Enhanced Security:MFA requires multiple authentication factors, such as a password (something you know) and a one-time code (something you have).
* Mitigates Credential Theft:Even if a username and password are compromised, an attacker would still need the second factor to gain access.
* SSO Integration:MFA can be seamlessly integrated with SSO to ensure robust identity verification.
* Example:A user logs in with a password and then confirms their identity using an authenticator app.
Incorrect Options:
* A. Challenge handshake:An outdated protocol for authentication, not as secure as MFA.
* C. Token-based:Often used as part of MFA but alone does not mitigate password theft.
* D. Single-factor:Only uses one method (e.g., a password), which is insufficient to protect against credential compromise.
Exact Extract from CCOA Official Review Manual, 1st Edition:
Refer to Chapter 4, Section "Identity and Access Management," Subsection "Multi-Factor Authentication" - MFA is essential to prevent unauthorized access when credentials are compromised.

NEW QUESTION # 59
Cyber Analyst Password:
For questions that require use of the SIEM, pleasereference the information below:
https://10.10.55.2
Security-Analyst!
CYB3R-4n4ly$t!
Email Address:
ccoatest@isaca.org
Password:Security-Analyst!
The enterprise has been receiving a large amount offalse positive alerts for the eternalblue vulnerability.
TheSIEM rulesets are located in /home/administrator/hids/ruleset/rules.
What is the name of the file containing the ruleset foreternalblue connections? Your response must includethe file extension.

Answer:

Explanation:
Step 1: Define the Problem and Objective
Objective:
* Identify thefile containing the rulesetforEternalBlue connections.
* Include thefile extensionin the response.
Context:
* The organization is experiencingfalse positive alertsfor theEternalBlue vulnerability.
* The rulesets are located at:
/home/administrator/hids/ruleset/rules
* We need to find the specific file associated withEternalBlue.
Step 2: Prepare for Access
2.1: SIEM Access Details:
* URL:
https://10.10.55.2
* Username:
ccoatest@isaca.org
* Password:
Security-Analyst!
* Ensure your machine has access to the SIEM system via HTTPS.
Step 3: Access the SIEM System
3.1: Connect via SSH (if needed)
* Open a terminal and connect:
ssh administrator@10.10.55.2
* Password:
Security-Analyst!
* If prompted about SSH key verification, typeyesto continue.
Step 4: Locate the Ruleset File
4.1: Navigate to the Ruleset Directory
* Change to the ruleset directory:
cd /home/administrator/hids/ruleset/rules
ls -l
* You should see a list of files with names indicating their purpose.
4.2: Search for EternalBlue Ruleset
* Use grep to locate the EternalBlue rule:
grep -irl "eternalblue" *
* Explanation:
* grep -i: Case-insensitive search.
* -r: Recursive search within the directory.
* -l: Only print file names with matches.
* "eternalblue": The keyword to search.
* *: All files in the current directory.
Expected Output:
exploit_eternalblue.rules
* Filename:
exploit_eternalblue.rules
* The file extension is .rules, typical for intrusion detection system (IDS) rule files.
Step 5: Verify the Content of the Ruleset File
5.1: Open and Inspect the File
* Use less to view the file contents:
less exploit_eternalblue.rules
* Check for rule patterns like:
alert tcp $EXTERNAL_NET any -> $HOME_NET 445 (msg:"EternalBlue SMB Exploit"; ...)
* Use the search within less:
/eternalblue
* Purpose:Verify that the file indeed contains the rules related to EternalBlue.
Step 6: Document Your Findings
* Ruleset File for EternalBlue:
exploit_eternalblue.rules
* File Path:
/home/administrator/hids/ruleset/rules/exploit_eternalblue.rules
* Reasoning:This file specifically mentions EternalBlue and contains the rules associated with detecting such attacks.
Step 7: Recommendation
Mitigation for False Positives:
* Update the Ruleset:
* Modify the file to reduce false positives by refining the rule conditions.
* Update Signatures:
* Check for updated rulesets from reliable threat intelligence sources.
* Whitelist Known Safe IPs:
* Add exceptions for legitimate internal traffic that triggers the false positives.
* Implement Tuning:
* Adjust the SIEM correlation rules to decrease alert noise.
Final Verification:
* Restart the IDS service after modifying rules to ensure changes take effect:
sudo systemctl restart hids
* Check the status:
sudo systemctl status hids
Final Answer:
* Ruleset File Name:
exploit_eternalblue.rules

NEW QUESTION # 60
In the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model for computer networking, which of the following is the function of the network layer?

A. Translating data between a networking service and an application
B. Transmitting data segments between points on a network
C. Facilitating communications with applications running on other computers
D. Structuring and managing a multi-node network

Answer: D

Explanation:
TheNetwork layer(Layer 3) of theOSI modelis responsible for:
* Routing and Forwarding:Determines the best path for data to travel across multiple networks.
* Logical Addressing:UsesIP addressesto uniquely identify hosts on a network.
* Packet Switching:Breaks data into packets and routes them between nodes.
* Traffic Control:Manages data flow and congestion control.
* Protocols:IncludesIP (Internet Protocol), ICMP, and routing protocols(like OSPF and BGP).
Other options analysis:
* A. Communicating with applications:Application layer function (Layer 7).
* B. Transmitting data segments:Transport layer function (Layer 4).
* C. Translating data between a service and an application:Presentation layer function (Layer 6).
CCOA Official Review Manual, 1st Edition References:
* Chapter 4: Network Protocols and the OSI Model:Details the role of each OSI layer, focusing on routing and packet management for the network layer.
* Chapter 7: Network Design Principles:Discusses the importance of routing and addressing.

NEW QUESTION # 61
......

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